Max Heart Rate by Age: The Zone Chart, and Why 220 − Age Is Wrong
220 − age was never a research finding. Tanaka's 208 − 0.7 × age and the HUNT study's 211 − 0.64 × age are better — but still carry ±11 bpm of individual error. Full HRmax and five-zone charts by decade, plus the 30-minute field test that beats every formula.
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